Yiddish Word of the Week
Shtekn - שטעקן

Shtekn - שטעקן \SHTEK-en\ Noun \ Masculine \ Pl. Shtekns:
A stick, cane, club, stuff.
According to Wexler (quoting Prylucki), shtekenes (שטעקענעס) refers specifically to large sticks (cf. Weinreich here and here, though, who seems to think that this form is simply a Central Yiddish variant of the plural shtekns).

Pronunciation: Click here to hear a native Yiddish speaker use this word in conversation.
Synonyms: bulave (בולאווע), drengl (דרענגל), flokn (פלאקן), palke (פאלקע).
German equivalents: der Schlägel, der Stab, der Stecken, der Stock.
Etymology: The word derives from Middle High German “stecke,” from Old High German “stëccho,” itself from Proto-Germanic *stikkô and the Proto-Indo-European roots *steig-or *stig- (to pierce, prick, be sharp) before it. Cognates include Middle English “stikke,”Modern English “stick,” New High German “der Stecken,” Old English “sticca,” Old Norse “stik,” and West Germanic “stikka.”
As noted by Kluge, the verbs shtekn and shtekhn (שטעכן) - to poke, prick, stab - are related in both Yiddish and German (there, “stecken” and “stechen,” respectively). Because of lack of space, however, we will not explore shtekhn in this dispatch.
Derivatives of shteknshtekn (שטעקן) - to stick, insert; shtekn zikh (שטעקן זיך) - to meddle (i.e. to stick oneself into the middle of something); araynshtekn (אריינשטעקן) - to stick in, tuck in; aroysshtekn (ארויסשטעקן) - to stick out, jut out, protrude; bashtekn(באשטעקן) - to place; farshtekn (פארשטעקן) - to stop up, plug up, relegateonshtekn(אנשטעקן) - to infect; opshtekn (אפשטעקן) - to unplug; untershtekn (אונטערשטעקן) - to bind;binshtok (בינשטאק) - a beehive; farshtekl (פארשטעקל) - a plug, stopper; golfshtekn(גאלפשטעקן) - a golf club; gumener shtekn (גומענער שטעקן) or politsey-shtekn(פאליציי-שטעקן) - a baton; rinshtok (רינשטאק) - a downspout; rukhes-shtekns(רוחות-שטעקנס) or sheydim-shtekns (שדים-שטעקנס) - European Elder (lit., evil spirit sticks; see Schaechter [though he doesn’t seem to explain the reason behind the name]);shteker (שטעקער) - a pocket (in klezmer-loshn; see Jacobs [quoting Bernshteyn]);shteknfis (שטעקנפיס) - stick-like feet; shtekshukh (שטעקטוך) - a slipper; tseylem-shtekn(צלם-שטעקן) or biskup-shtekn (ביסקופ-שטעקן) - a cross (lit., image or bishop stick, respectively); tsoybershtek (צויבערשטעק) - a magic wand;vaynshtok (וויינשטאק) - a grapevine. 

Phrases with shtekn: araynshtekn di noz umetum/dem lefl tsu yenem in shisl (אריינשטעקן די נאס אומעטעום/דעם לעפל צו יענעם אין שיסל) - to meddle in other people’s business (lit., to stick one’s nose in everywhere/to stick one’s spoon into another’s bowl); aroysshtekn di tsung (ארויסשטעקן די צונג) - to be tired (lit., to stick one’s tongue out [signaling exhaustion]); blaybn shtekn (בלייבן שטעקן) - to get stuck/stranded; leygn shtekns in di reder (לייגן שטעקנס אין די רעדער) or araynshtekn a flokn in rod (אריינשטעקן א פלאקן אין ראד) - to sabotage a plan (lit., to place sticks in the wheels); onshtekn zikh fun (אנשטעקן זיך פון) - to catch a disease; opshtekn sholem-aleykhem (אפשטעקן שלום-עליכם) - to greet with a cordial handshake (lit., to put forward a “hello”); shtekn in (שטעקן אין) - to be involved in, be inherent in; shtekn in khoyves (שטעקן אין חובות) - to be stuck in debt; hobn tsu shtekn in (האבן צו שטעקן אין) - to be at the bottom of; hobn tsu shtekn in der zakh (האבן צו שטעקן אין דער זאך) - to have a finger in the pie;shtekn tsvishn (שטעקן צווישן) - to stand between;shtekn di finger tsvishn tir (שטעקן די פינגער צווישן טיר) - to interfere, make peace (lit., to stick one’s fingers between the door [and doorpost]); shtek zikh nisht! (שטעק זיך נישט) - mind your own business!; shteyen vi er volt ayngeshlungen a shtekn (שטייען ווי ער וואלט איינגעשלונגען א שטעקן) - to stand up straight (lit., as though he had swallowed a stick);zingen vi a ku fayft oyf a shtekn (זינגן ווי א קו פייפט אויף א שטעקן) - to sing horrendously (lit., like a cow whistling on a stick); a posek mit a shtekn (א פסוק מיט א שטעקן) - a real thrashing (lit., a verse with a stick; see Weinreich for explanation); dem ferds baytsh-shtekls potkeve (דעם פערדס בייטש-שטעקלס פאטקעווע) - a distant relation (lit., the horse’s whipping stick’s horseshoe); beyz vi a shtekn (בייז ווי א שטעקן) - angry as a stick (i.e. when used to punish a dog); foyl vi a shtekn (פויל ווי א שטעקן) - lazy as a stick; temp vi a shtekn (טעמפ ווי א שטעקן) - dull as a stick (said of a human being or object); do muz epes shtekn (דא מוז עפעס שטעקן) - something must be going on here (lit., something must be sticking here); ven der mandl-shtekn vet blien (ווען דער מאנדל-שטעקן וועט בליען) - never (lit., when the almond-stick blooms; see the events surrounding Aharon’s staff in Be-Midbar 17:23).

Expressions with shtekn:
1. Az men varft a shtekn in der vant, blaybt er alts shtekn (אז מען ווארפט א שטעקן אין דער וואנט, בלייבט ער אלץ שטעקן) - When one throws a stick at the wall, it sticks there (a cute example of Yiddish homonymic wordplay; see Be-Midbar Rabbah 20 and Tanhuma,Balak 16).

2. Zayn vort zol zayn a shtekn, volt men zikh nisht getort onshparn (זיין ווארט זאל זיין א שטעקן, וואלט מען זיך נישט געטארט אנשפארן) - If his word were a stick, you couldn’t lean on it (illustrated here).
3. Der emes shtekt in der Yidenes milkh (דער אמת שטעקט אין דער יידענעס מילך) - Truth comes through in the mother’s milk.
4. Dem Yidn mitn vander-shtekn gefint men in ale ekn (דעם יידן מיטן וואנדער-שטעקן געפינט מען אין אלע עקן) - One can find a Jew with his walking stick in all corners [of the world].

5. A shtekn hot tsvey ekn (א שטעקן האט צוויי עקן) - Two can play at that game (lit., A stick has two ends). 
6. Der hunt iz vert dem shtekn (דער הונט איז ווערט דעם שטעקן) - He deserves his fate (lit., The dog deserves the stick).
7. Ven du host a shtekn, tayne nisht mit a hunt (ווען דו האסט א שטעקן, טענה נישט מיט א הונט) - If you have a stick, don’t bother negotiating with the dog.
8. Far a geshlogenem hunt tor men nisht vayzn keyn shtekn (פאר א געשלאגענעם הונט טאר מען נישט ווייזן קיין שטעקן) - A burnt child dreads the fire (lit., You shouldn’t show a stick to a beaten dog [i.e. try to be courteous to people’s sensitivities]).
9. A gutn helft a vort; a shlekhtn helft afile keyn shtekn oykh nisht (א גוטן העלפט א ווארט; א שלעכטן העלפט אפילו קיין שטעקן אויך נישט) - To the decent, one word will do; to the wicked, not even the stick helps. Along similar lines, A klugn zogt men oyfn vunk, a nar git men mitn shtekn (א קלוגן זאגט מען אויפן ווונק, א נטר גיט מען מיטן שטעקן) - You can tell a smart person with a wink, but for a fool, you need the stick (see a similar idea in Midrash Mishlei 22: matla la-hakima bi-remiza, le-shatya be-kurmiza). The truth is that there seems to be a difference of opinion as to whether words or sticks are better at conveying messages: Nisht der shtekn helft, nor dos gute vort (נישט דער שטעקן העלפט, נאר דאס גוטע ווארט) - It’s not the stick that helps but rather the good word, vs. Shrayen helft nisht, ober a shtekn helft (שרייען העלפט נישט, אבער א שטעקן העלפט) - Scolding won’t help, but the stick will, and similarly, A shtekn in der hant helft mer vi di tsung in moyl (א שטעקן אין דער האנט העלפט מער ווי די צונג אין מויל) - A stick in the hand helps more than a tongue in the mouth. Perhaps it depends on the circumstances…
10. Az men tut a shtekn on sheyn, hot er oykh kheyn (אז מען טוט א שטעקן אן שיין, האט ער אויך חן) - Anything can look nice if dressed up properly (lit., If you dress a stick up beautifully, it, too, will be pretty).

11. In an ofn tepl shtekt itlekhe moyz arayn dos kepl (אין אן אפן טעפל שטעקט איטלעכע מויז אריין דאס קעפל) - When the cat’s away, the mice will play (lit., Into an open pot, every mouse sticks its head).
12. Shtek nisht dem kop tsum volf in moyl arayn (שטעק נישט דעם קאפ צום וואלף אין מויל אריין) - Don’t stick your head into a wolf’s mouth (illustrated here). Similarly, Shtek im nisht keyn finger in moyl, vorem er vet opbaysn (שטעק אים נישט קיין פינגער אין מויל, ווארעם ער וועט אפבייסן) - Don’t stick your fingers into his mouth, since he bites. 
13. 
Der barimer blaybt shtekn in blote (דער בארימער בלייבט שטעקן אין בלאטע) - The boaster gets stuck in the mud.
14. A ganev tor nisht geyn mit keyn shtekn (א גנב טאר נישט גיין מיט קיין שטעקן) - A thief should not walk with a stick (if he does, he’ll be recognized before he can steal anything).
15.
 Mit a foyln shtekn, ken men nisht aroystraybn dem dales (מיט א פוילן שטעקן, קען מען נישט ארויסטרייבן דעם דלות) - With a lazy stick, you can’t drive out poverty (i.e. You have to be proactive in changing your economic situation).
16. 
A beyn zol dir in haldz blaybn shtekn! (א ביין זאל דיר אין האלדז בלייבן שטעקן) - May a bone remain stuck in your throat!

The shtekn in Jewish religious culture:
1. The shtekn, as is well known (and depicted here), plays an important role in the long line of attackers and victims in the famous Khad Gadye song sung at the Peysekh Seyder. Chaim Werdyger shares with us a witty joke based on the shtekn’s behavior: 
S’shteyt in Khad Gadye az der shtekn hot geshlogn dem hunt vos hot gebisn di kats vos hot oyfgegesn dos tsigele. Fregt zikh a kashye: far vos kumt dem hunt tsu shlogn? Er iz, dokh, gerekht - az di kats hot umzist un umnisht oyfgegesn dos tsigele! Der terets iz az der hunt iz take gerekht. Ober du, hunt, vos mishstu zikh arayn in yenems gesheftn? (ס’שטייט אין חד גדיא אז דער שטעקן האט געשלאגן דעם הונט וואס האט געביסן די קאץ וואס האט אויפגעגעסן דאס ציגעלע. פרעגט זיך א קשיא: פאר וואס קומט דעם הונט צו שלאגן? ער איז, דאך, גערעכט - אז די קאץ האט אומזיסט און אומנישט אויפגעגעסן דאס ציגעלע! דער תירוץ איז אז דער הונט איז טאקע גערעכט. אבער דו, הונט, וואס מישסטו זיך אריין אין יענעמס געשעפטן) - In the story of Khad Gadye, it says that the stick beat the dog which bit the cat that ate up the goat. The question is: why was he beaten? He was right to do so - since the cat ate up the goat for no good reason! The answer is that the dog was actually correct. But you, dog, why do you have to mix into someone else’s business?
2. See the YIVO Encyclopedia for a short description of the traditional shtekn tants(שטעקן טאנץ) - stick dance.

Shtekn in a sentence: “Shtekns un shteyner kenen brekhn di beyner, ober verter veln mir keynmol nisht shatn” - eyne fun di falshste zatsn vos ikh hob gehert (“שטעקנס און שטיינער קענען ברעכן די ביינער, אבער ווערטער וועלן מיר קיינמאל נישט שאטן” - איינע פון די פאלשסטע זאצן וואס איך האב געהערט) - “Sticks and stones can break my bones, but words will never hurt me” - one of the falsest sentences I’ve heard.
Use shtekn in your own sentence today!

Kave Shtieb

For those interested, Kave Shtiebl is another one of those fascinating, Hasidic-run, Yiddish-language chat forums (similar to the iVelt forum we profiled previously here) which focuses on many areas of Jewish life of interest to the Haredi reader/observer. There, you can read about and discuss (exclusively in Yiddish!) Jewish and general news, the happenings in the Haredi community, science and technology, Torah-related ideas/questions, cartoons and jokes, music and art, and lots more. It’s truly a wonderful window (I think) into the Internet-enabled sector of Haredi society.

On a somewhat related note, Aneias (not to be confused, khas vesholem, withVosIzNeias) is a Yiddish-language news website which reports on stories of interest to the Orthodox community, as well as cultural and political news. It seems not to have been updated in about a month at this point, but you can still enjoy reading some of the reportage there on old stories in mame-loshn.

Troyern, Shulamit Seidler-Feller
Troyern - טרויערן

Troyern - טרויערן \TROY-er-en\ Verb \ Past Participle

Getroyert: To be sad, grieve, mourn.

Pronunciation: Click here to hear a native Yiddish speaker use this word in conversation.

Synonyms: baveynen (באוויינען), klemen (קלעמען), klogn (קלאגן), metsaer zayn (מצער זיין), opesen dos harts (אפעסן דאס הארץ; lit., to eat one’s heart out), shver makhn dos harts (שווער מאכן דאס הארץ; lit., to make one’s heart heavy).

German equivalents: beklagen, trauern. Etymology: The word derives from Middle High German “trûren,” from Old High German “trûrên” (lit., to lower one’s eyes), itself from the Germanic root *drûsên. Cognates include Dutch “treuren,” New High German “trauern,” and West Frisian “treure.” Modern English “dreary” is also related.

Derivatives of troyern: troyerer (טרויערער) - a mourner; troyer (טרויער) or troyerikeyt (טרויעריקייט) - sadness, grief, mourning, sorrow, melancholy; troyer-farzamlung (טרויער-פארזאמלונג) - a memorial gathering; troyer-flaterl (טרויער-פלאטערל) or troyernitse (טרויערניצע) - a Mourning Cloak butterfly; troyer-geveyn (טרויער-געוויין) - a dirge; troyer-gezang (טרויער-געזאנג) or troyer-muzik (טרויער-מוזיק) or troyer-nign (טרויער-ניגון) - mournful music; troyerhoyz (טרויערהויז) - a house of mourning; troyer-kleyder (טרויער-קליידער) - mourning dress; troyermarsh (טרויערמארש) or troyer-protsesye (טרויער-פראצעסיע) - a funeral march/procession; troyer-papir (טרויער-פאפיר) - black-edged paper; troyer-shpil (טרויער-שפיל) - a theatrical tragedy; Troyer Vokhn (טרויער וואכן) - the Three Weeks (lit., the weeks of mourning; the traditional period of mourning between 17 Tamuz and 9 Av, in which we now find ourselves); fartroyert (פארטרויערט) or troyerik (טרויעריק) or troyerlekh (טרויערלעך) - sad, mournful, melancholy, sorrowful; troyerik-barimt (טרויעריק-בארימט) - notorious, renowned for bad qualities.

Phrases with troyern: 1. geyn in troyer (גיין אין טרויער) - to wear mourning (lit., to go in mourning [dress]) 2. hiln zikh in troyer (הילן זיך אין טרויער) - ditto (lit., to wrap oneself in mourning) 3. onton troyer (אנטאן טרויער) - ditto (lit., to put on mourning) 4. zayn in troyer (זיין אין טרויער) - to be in [a state of] mourning

Expressions with troyern: 1. A kluger zun makht zayn tate tsufridn; a narisher zun iz der troyer fun der mame (א קלוגער זון מאכט זיין טאטע צופרידן; א נארישער זון איז דער טרויער פון דער מאמע) - A wise son makes his father glad; a foolish son is the grief of his mother.

Troyern in Yiddish storytelling: According to David G. Roskies, “Sholem Aleichem: Mythologist of the Mundane,” AJS Review 13,1/2 (1988): 27-46, at p. 44: In the folklore of the nations, the operative myth was heroic; it was a tale of conquest and happy endings. Among Jews, the best that could be hoped for was a tale of averted disaster. In contemporary Jewish folklore Sholem Aleichem found the one recurrent plot that confirmed his innermost sense of life: “Ale yidishe mayses,” he wrote in 1903, “ale umglikn bay undz heybn zikh on fun a kleynikayt” (“all Jewish tales, all disasters among us begin with a trivial occurrence”). And as for the endings: “Yidishe mayses lozn zikh oys, tsum maynstn, troyerik” (“Jewish stories end, for the most part, on a sad note”). 

Troyern in a sentence: Bishas di Troyer Vokhn, troyert men dem Khurbn funem Beys Hamikdesh un a sakh andere Yidishe tsores vos zaynen geshen durkh der langer Yidisher geshikhte (בשעת די טרויער וואכן, טרויערט מען דעם חורבן פונעם בית המקדש און א סך אנדערע יידישע צרות וואס זיינען געשען דורך דער לאנגער יידישער געשיכטע) - During the Three Weeks, we mourn the Destruction of the Holy Temple and many other Jewish misfortunes that took place throughout our long history.

Use troyern in your own sentence today!

National Yiddish Book Center Multimedia Library

For those interested, the National Yiddish Book Center Multimedia Library recently started posting recordings of lectures given by and interviews conducted with famous Yiddish personalities during their visits to the Jewish Public Library of Montreal between 1953 and 2005 as part of its Frances Brandt Online Yiddish Audio Library. Currently, about 60 out of 1,100 recordings are available here, with the rest expected to be uploaded in the next two years (you can see a listing of the personalities here). Among the writers represented in the recordings that have been uploaded so far are: Saul Bellow, Leonard Cohen, Allen Ginsberg, Aaron Glanz-Leyeless, Jacob Glatstein, Chaim Grade, Shmerke Kaczergsinki, Yosef Kerler, Rachel Korn, H. Leivick, Itzik Manger, Kadia Molodowsky, Melech Ravitch, Chava Rosenfarb, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Abraham Sutzkever, Dora Wasserman, Aaron Zeitlin, and Rajzel Zychlinsky. (Of course, this is all aside from the work they do as part of the Steven Spielberg Digital Yiddish Library.)

In addition, Prof. Zelda Kahan Newman, whom you may remember from a similar previous dispatch, recently posted a new set of recordings of her Yiddish interactions with Hasidic women at their bungalow colony last August in Parksville, NY (last time, she focused on interviewing Hasidic men’s speech). In each clip, she asks her interlocutor to tell her a story in her native Yiddish dialect, and the results are fascinating. You see how much English vocabulary and even grammar has penetrated into contemporary American Hasidic speech. Prof. Newman hopes to publish a paper using the data she collected here soon.To download a ZIP file containing transcripts and sound files of all the recordings, click here.

Finally, as a follow-up to the previous dispatch, in which I mentioned Dr. Avrom Aisen’s mid-20th century translation of “The Star-Spangled Banner” into Yiddish, see Uriel Weinreich, “Der Amerikaner Himen oyf Yidish,” Yidishe Shprakh 4,2 (1944): 33-44, available online here (see p. 39 of the PDF), in which Weinreich analyzes four other translations of the American National Anthem for their accuracy in conveying both the sense and rhythm of the original text.

A student of mine asked if I had ever heard of a Yiddish saying her mother used to always use when she was growing up in Russia. It goes something like: "he runs around (trying to impress people) vi a meshumad in kloyster". (The idea being that meshumadim tried to show themselves off as extra zealous hoping to be accepted.) I couldn't find it anywhere--have you ever heard of such a saying?
Anonymous

I personally don’t think I have ever heard that expression used, nor was I able to find it when I looked it up in several books. But it sounds eminently reasonable as a proper Yiddish expression - very much in the spirit of how Yiddish treats meshumodim…

If someone is wearing a mahoda, what is it and how do you spell it?
Anonymous

I honestly have never heard of such a garment, sorry.

Shild, Shulamit Seidler-Feller
Shild - שילד

Shild - שילד \SHILD\ Noun \ Masculine/Feminine \ Pl. Shildn:
A shield, sign, signboard.
A note on the gender: According to Wexlershild in the sense of “signboard” has feminine gender, while shild in the sense of “shield” is masculine.

Pronunciation: Click here to hear a native Yiddish speaker use this word in conversation.
Synonym: pantser (פאנצער).
German equivalent: der Schild.
Etymology: The word derives from Middle High German “schilt,” from Old High German “scilt,” both of which ultimately derive from Proto-Germanicskelduz, itself from the Proto-Indo-European roots (s)keit-, (s)keid-, kheit-(shield, cover), which have to do with cutting and splitting (thus, shild is related to sheydn as well). Cognates include Breton “skoed,” Catalan “escut,”Danish “skjold,” Dutch “schild,” Gothic skildus, Icelandic “skjöldur,” Irish “sciath,” Italian “scudo,” Latin “scūtum,” Lithuanian “skydas,” Middle English “shelde,” Middle French “escut,” Modern English “shield,” Modern French “écu,” New High German “der Schild,” Norwegian “skjold,” Old English “scield, scyld,” Old French “escut,” Old Frisian “skeld,” Old Icelandic “skoldr,” Old Irish “scíath,” Old Norse “skjǫldr,” Old Saxon “scild,”Portuguese “escudo,” Romanian “scut,” Spanish “escudo,” Swedish “sköld,”and West Frisian “skyld.”
Derivatives of shildfarshildern (פארשילדערן) - to post a sign; shildern (שילדערן) - to depict, describe, portray (Kluge helps us understand the semantic shift from “shield” to “depict/describe” based on the medieval practice of painting coats of arms); onerken-shild (אנערקען-שילד) - a plaque; Roytshild (רויטשילד) - Rothschild (the family name, meaning “red shield;” by extension, any extremely wealthy person); shilddriz (שילדדריז) - a thyroid gland (lit., a shield gland; see the etymology of thyroid here); shilderung (שילדערונג) - depiction, description; shildkroyt (שילדקרויט) - a tortoise; shildl (שילדל) - a plate;Sobyeskis Shild (סאביעסקיס שילד) - the Shield of Sobieski.

Phrases with shild:
1.
 geyn vi a shildkroyt (גיין ווי א שילדקרויט) - to walk like a tortoise.
2. 
raykh vi Roytshild (רייך ווי רויטשילד) - as rich as a Rothschild.

Expression with shild:
1. 
Genug hot Roytshild (גענוג האט רויטשילד) - Only Rothschild has enough (i.e. everyone needs money).

Rabbinic wordplay with shild: As quoted by Weinreich, the letters of shild (in the sense of “sign,” not “shield”) are supposed to stand for shoyte yaymin lekhol dovor (שוטה יאמין לכל דבר) - a fool will believe anything (a critique of those who believe in something based solely on a supposed supernatural sign of its veracity).

Shild’s influence on Modern Hebrew: As Finkin and Balashon (the latter quoting Philologos) point out, biblical Hebrew shelet (שלט) and Yiddish shildsound very similar and both mean “shield.” Because the latter word also took on the meaning “sign,” by coming to be associated with coats of arms, it seems that the creators of Modern Hebrew slipped that meaning into sheletas well, and that is in fact the meaning for which shelet is most often used today.

Shild in a sentence: In Vilyamsburg, vi in andere mekoymes, muz men hobn derekh-erets far di oysgeredte tnoyem fun dinst vos shteyen oyf di shildn (אין וויליאמסבורג, ווי אין אנדערע מקומות, מוז מען האבן דרך-ארץ פאר די אויסגערעדטע תנאים פון דינסט וואס שטייען אויף די שילדן) - In Williamsburg, as in other places, you have to have respect for the stipulated conditions of service found on the signs.
Use shild in your own sentence today!

University of Manitoba

For those interested, the University of Manitoba recently posted online audio recordings from the Winnipeg Yiddish Women’s Reading Circle. Members of the Reading Circle selected short stories and poems written by female Yiddish authors and recorded them for posterity on this website, along with brief summaries of the stories and links to biographies of the writers. I should also point out that my dedicated Yiddish professor of the last five years, Dr. Itay Binyamin Zutra, was recently appointed to be the I. L. Peretz Folk School Yiddish Teaching Fellow at the University of Manitoba and so will be moving to Winnipeg soon. He will be sorely missed here, but we wish him muchhatslokhe in all his future endeavors and know he will do great things there.

And, just for fun, because we celebrated the 4th of July last week, check outthis mid-20th-century Yiddish translation of “The Star Spangled Banner,” completed by Dr. Avrom Aisen on behalf of The Educational Alliance in New York (h/t Yitzchak Ratner).